By managing the disposal of outdated and surplus property, equipment and materials, we can recover costs while reducing our waste and environmental impact. Approximately 70% of the non-hazardous waste tracked through our Investment Recovery group was recycled last year. Investment Recovery continues to identify and integrate new and innovative recycling and waste opportunities.

Our recycling efforts include diverting materials from landfills through specialized recycling streams, such as scrap metal and electronic recycling, as well as comingled single-stream recycling of common materials. Waste is also diverted through our Forestry program, including vegetation that is removed and mulched. We also help smaller Arizona communities that lack adequate recycling services, such as Douglas, Globe, and Wickenburg by deploying three-yard recycling bins to collect recyclable material and then using our internal hauling team to bring full bins to a centralized pickup location. Many reusable materials were also donated to nonprofit organizations and local schools. These range from office supplies to furniture, electronics, hand sanitizer and appliances.

New to 2023 is APS's wood spools recycling program. The wood spools are now being refurbished and reused by cable manufacturers throughout the country thus supporting our landfill diversion program.

Learn more about our waste recycling data on our Metrics and Reporting page.

A three-year average is used for this target to smooth the hazardous waste generation curve so that larger, infrequent events, such as major plant outages and decommissioning, do not inappropriately mischaracterize the dedicated day-to-day efforts to meet our waste reduction commitments.

The 2023 routine hazardous waste generation was approximately 5.24 tons, and the three-year average generation is 4.23 tons, which is about 71% below our hazardous waste generation target. In 2023, two events resulted in the generation of 13.84 tons of episodic hazardous waste. Both events occurred at power plants.

Learn more about our hazardous waste data.

However, due to the size of our system and the lengthy history of our company, there are considerable challenges to identifying which equipment contains PCB, and in some cases, there are no historical records to enable positive identification and removal. Therefore, as with most utilities, we must instead employ a testing and verification process.

Our process sets a conservative threshold of less than 45 parts per million (ppm) for all our equipment. Anything 45 ppm or greater is managed as PCB-containing and removed from service and disposed of properly. The PCB status of our electrical equipment is tracked in an electronic database, which is available across the company.

From 2001 to 2023, we removed more than four million pounds of PCB containing equipment.

Learn more about our PCB data.

Our two coal combustion facilities, Four Corners Power Plant in Fruitland, New Mexico, and Cholla Power Plant in Joseph City, Arizona, consume millions of tons of coal per year, yielding thousands of tons of coal ash. Much of this material can be recycled and reused in manufacturing commercial products.

The coal ash is beneficially used, which reduces our environmental footprint while adding to our bottom line. Our coal ash is provided to concrete manufacturers, who use it as an essential component for cement in the production of their products. Coal ash as a concrete additive fortifies concrete thereby making it stronger and last longer.

Collectively, Four Corners and Cholla generated 937,855 tons of coal ash in 2023 with 258,849 tons sold, representing 28% of the total ash produced. The amount of coal ash sold correlates to a reduction in carbon emissions of over 155,000 tons in 2023, the equivalent of removing more than 33,500 cars from the road for a year. The Cholla facility will cease combustion of coal in 2025. Our ash impoundments and landfills are operated and maintained in accordance with the federal Coal Combustion Residual (CCR) regulations. Additionally, we are undertaking several engineering projects designed to minimize environmental impacts associated with CCR management.

Learn more about our coal ash data.

This committee is selected by the Pinnacle West Board of Directors on an annual basis. The committee reports regularly to the board on overall performance of Palo Verde, including operations, safety, legal compliance, key performance indicator results and trends, and any significant incidents or events.

A model of dry cask storage used at the
Palo Verde Generating Station.

We have a comprehensive waste management program and training that is recognized by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission during inspections as an industry leader. Due to the sensitivity of the business and maintaining the highest level of security, our process and procedures are not for public disclosure.

NRC Security Inspection - Palo Verde Generating Station (October 2020)

NRC Integrated Inspection Report - Palo Verde Generating Station (February 2022)

Palo Verde produces high-level nuclear waste in the form of spent fuel and low-level waste, such as used protective clothing, filters, resins and other contaminated items. We safely and securely store all of Palo Verde’s high-level nuclear waste (i.e., spent fuel) on site. Palo Verde continues to move spent fuel from the spent fuel pools to dry cask storage. In 2020, Palo Verde implemented the MAGNASTOR dry cask storage system as an upgrade from the previously utilized NAC-UMS dry cask storage. This allows Palo Verde to more efficiently store high-level nuclear waste utilizing updated technology that is being adopted by other sites across the industry. Dry cask storage is a safe, low-maintenance and effective interim storage method for all our high-level nuclear waste.

In addition to the on-site maintenance of spent fuel and high-level waste, Palo Verde manages its low-level waste by packaging it into proper containers, storing and shipping it for disposal in permitted disposal facilities. Low-level radioactive waste represents waste that was shipped off-site, not what was generated for the year. Fluctuations in waste shipments are impacted by episodic events, legacy waste and what was disposed of each year.

Learn more about our nuclear waste data.